Immigration & Customs – Page 4 – Davidhorn

Transforming child interviewing: insights from the webinar on the Barnahus Model
Transforming child interviewing: insights from the webinar on the Barnahus Model

This webinar provides crucial insights into the transformative approaches to forensic child interviewing and the role of the Barnahus Network in child protection, showcasing its growing impact across Europe.

The session featured Shawnna von Blixen-Finecke, adviser at the Council of the Baltic Sea States and Coordinator of the Barnahus Network, who detailed the Barnahus model’s complexities and its successful implementation in various regions.

The Barnahus model, which translates from Icelandic as “Children’s House,” is a holistic approach to handling child abuse cases and child witness interviewing.

Central to this model is the concept of bringing all services related to child protection under one roof, ensuring that children do not have to navigate multiple stations from police to healthcare to social services.
Summary

Barnahus model overview: The Barnahus model, a child-centric approach originating in Iceland, brings all child protection services under one roof to minimize trauma and streamline the justice process for child abuse cases.

Webinar highlights: Davidhorn’s webinar, featuring Shawnna von Blixen-Finecke, emphasised the model’s success and adaptability across Europe, highlighting its international endorsements and the importance of maintaining its integrity across diverse legal systems.

Davidhorn’s contribution: Davidhorn supports the Barnahus model with advanced recording technologies, enhancing the interview environment to protect children’s psychological well-being and aligning with global child protection standards.

This setup not only streamlines the process but also creates a more comforting and secure environment for the child. Within the Barnahus, children undergo forensic interviews, medical examinations, therapeutic services, and legal consultations in a single, child-friendly setting. This model minimises the trauma of recounting abusive experiences by reducing the number of times children must tell their stories.

The Barnahus Model: a beacon for child-friendly justice

Originating in Iceland and now adopted by numerous European countries, the Barnahus model is pioneering a child-centric approach to investigative interviewing. This method significantly reduces the trauma experienced by children during the justice process by ensuring that all services—from legal to psychological—are delivered under one roof and tailored to the child’s needs. The model’s adaptability to different national contexts while preserving its core principles of child protection and dignity was one of the main points of the webinar.
International endorsements and expansions

The webinar highlighted the model’s international recognition, with endorsements from global entities such as the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, reflecting its effectiveness and growing relevance. The adaptability of the Barnahus model allows for its principles to be integrated into diverse legal systems, promoting stronger child protection frameworks worldwide. Despite its successes, challenges in implementing the Barnahus model remain, particularly in maintaining its integrity across various legal and cultural landscapes.

Download our eBook on how to plan a child or vulnerable witness interview room.

Davidhorn’s role in supporting child-centric justice

Davidhorn supports the global adoption of the Barnahus standards through its advanced recording technologies. By ensuring that interviews are conducted in environments that respect and protect the child’s psychological state, Davidhorn is at the forefront of technological advancements that align with the Barnahus model’s goals.

Conclusion: a collective move towards better child protection

The collaboration between Davidhorn and international bodies like the Barnahus Network exemplifies a shared commitment to transforming child protective services. As the Barnahus model continues to influence child protection standards globally, Davidhorn’s technological support plays a crucial role in facilitating these changes, ensuring that children’s rights and well-being are prioritised in justice processes worldwide.

Watch the webinar

Written by: Marta Hopfer-Gilles

(Chat GPT was used while creating this blog)
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Receive, monitor, and keep evidence throughout its lifetime.
June 26, 2024
The importance of police interview recording in investigative interviewing
The importance of police interview recording in investigative interviewing

In the landscape of modern justice systems, the practice of recording police interviews has emerged as a vital tool for enhancing transparency and integrity within law enforcement.

This blog explores the historical development and the pivotal role of digital interview recordings, underscoring their importance in safeguarding human rights and ensuring accuracy in criminal investigations. By delving into the benefits, the practical steps for adopting new technologies, and the challenges encountered, it advocates for widespread implementation of this practice, highlighting how it serves as a cornerstone of fairness and ethical conduct in policing.
Summary

Historical development and importance: Recording police interviews has evolved as a crucial practice for enhancing transparency, integrity, and accuracy in criminal investigations, highlighted by the introduction of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) in England and Wales.

Benefits and implementation: Recording interviews safeguards against miscarriages of justice, preserves accurate accounts, aids in training and knowledge sharing, and enhances the ethical standards of the police force. Effective implementation involves high-quality equipment, detailed preparation, and reliable procedures.

Challenges and future outlook: Despite challenges like training and information management, the benefits of recording interviews outweigh the obstacles. The practice is supported by international norms, such as the Méndez Principles, and companies like Davidhorn are committed to promoting and facilitating this essential evolution in policing.

In today’s justice system, the integrity and transparency of law enforcement practices are under ever-increasing scrutiny. At the heart of this conversation lies the critical yet often overlooked tool of digital interview recording during interviews, a measure that serves not just as a procedural enhancement but as a foundational element of Investigative Interviewing, justice and ethical conduct. This blog aims to shed light on the historical evolution of Police Interview Recording, underscore its crucial role in safeguarding human rights, ensuring accuracy in criminal investigations and advocate for its broader implementation across law enforcement agencies. Through exploring the significant benefits, practical steps for effective adoption of new police equipment, and addressing potential obstacles, we underline the essential nature of recording in upholding the principles of fairness and integrity within the justice system.

Listen to our podcast on importance of interview recording

The role of recording in police interviewing techniques

In the ever-evolving landscape of policing and criminal investigations, the practice of recording interviews holds a pivotal role, bridging the gap between traditional police interview techniques and contemporary standards of justice and human rights. In the past, relying on notes or simply on the officers’ memory has been harmful not only to the interview, but also to its weight as evidence in court.

In the UK The Royal Commission on Criminal Procedure in 1981 set out the problem which it faced in respect of the lack of recording of interviews as follows:
“The frequency of challenges to the police record of interviews is said to make it essential to have some sort of independently validated record in order, in the eyes of some, to prevent the police from fabricating confessions or damaging statements, or, in the eyes of others, to prevent those who have in fact made admissions subsequently retracting them. It is the ‘verbals’ which give rise to most concern, that is the remarks which are attributed to the suspect in the police officer’s subsequent note of the interview but which the suspect is not prepared to endorse by making a written statement under caution. Indeed, it is argued by the Circuit Judges that the present methods of recording interviews are themselves the cause of a substantial number of acquittals of apparently guilty defendants. Many of our witnesses also point to the waste of court time caused by disputes about statement evidence.”

The turning point came with the introduction of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 in England and Wales (PACE), which made it compulsory to use recording systems during all suspect interviews. This legislative milestone marked the beginning of a global shift towards standardising the digital interview recording, a practice supported by both technological evolution and a growing recognition of its necessity for upholding justice. Nowadays it is recommended as a best practice to record all interviews including the ones with victims and witnesses.

Why record interviews? The cornerstone of justice and integrity

Recording interviews serves as a fundamental safeguard against miscarriages of justice, ensuring that the words spoken by individuals during one of their most vulnerable moments in life are preserved accurately. This practice compensates for the shortcomings of human memory, reduces cognitive load on interviewers, and significantly enhances the communicative and methodological quality of interviews. By providing an accurate account of the interaction, recordings can protect both the interviewee from potential mistreatment and the interviewer from unfounded accusations. The presence of a complete and authentic record aids in the investigation of any allegations of ill-treatment and cultivates the ethical standards and integrity of the police force.

The benefits of police interview recording extend beyond the immediate context of the interview room. Recorded interviews can be shared in real-time or after the fact, helping to share knowledge among the personnel, bringing in expert input and improving overall decision-making. Moreover, these recordings serve as invaluable tools for training, feedback, research and knowledge-development, ensuring the officers are equipped with the best practices in investigative interviewing.

Implementing video recording: a step-by-step guide for effective policing

Optimal results of the interview video recording can be achieved through detailed preparation, sound check procedures and the use of reliable equipment. High-quality recording systems that are easy to handle ensure consistency and integrity of the process. Recordings should be made without manipulation, with a focus on transparency and accountability. The use of digital signatures, reliable transferring and archiving procedures further safeguards preserving evidence and ensuring its court-ready evidence status.

Navigating the obstacles

Despite its clear advantages, the adoption of police interview recording is not without challenges. Training and motivating personnel, managing the transformation and storage of information, and ensuring compatibility across different systems are just a few of the hurdles to overcome. However, these obstacles are far outweighed by the benefits of increased accuracy, efficiency, reliability of testimonies, and the safeguarding of human rights. On top of that an experienced technological partner can help with implementation and training process to make the transition as smooth and bespoke as possible.

In conclusion, the practice of recording interviews in policing and investigations represents a critical evolution in the pursuit of justice and ethical standards. As technology advances and international norms shift towards greater transparency and accountability, interview recording stands as a testament to the commitment to uphold the dignity and rights of all individuals within the criminal justice system. The global standard presented in Méndez Principles recommend recording of all the interviews and hopefully as the understanding of its importance grows – more countries will ammend their legislation and practices accordingly.

For companies like Davidhorn, embracing and advocating for it is not just a recommendation; it’s a responsibility to the future of policing and the communities we serve.

Want to learn more about police interview recorders? Check out our product portfolio.

Written by: Marta Hopfer-Gilles

Fact checked by: Ivar A Fahsing (PhD)

(Chat GPT was used while creating this blog)
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June 26, 2024
Improving courtroom evidence playback: a guide for law enforcement
Improving courtroom evidence playback: a guide for law enforcement

In today’s legal landscape, the accurate recording of interviews with witnesses and suspects is critical for building solid evidence and is increasingly recognised as best practice.

Recordings not only preserve the evidence in its original state, but also provide a factual record of the entire interaction. Every aspect of the interview – including the setup, participant identities, and all exchanges – is comprehensively captured. This ensures the interview’s integrity and aids in safeguarding against memory flaws.

Properly documented evidence is an indispensable asset in court and underscores the necessity of employing reliable recording technologies.
Summary

Importance of recording: Accurate recording of interviews with witnesses and suspects is essential for preserving evidence integrity and is increasingly recognised as best practice in legal proceedings.

Challenges and strategies: Current courtroom setups often face technological limitations that hinder evidence playback quality. Strategies such as using high-quality recording equipment, modernising courtroom setups, and conducting pre-trial checks can enhance playback effectiveness.

Davidhorn’s commitment: Davidhorn provides advanced recording technology that ensures court-ready evidence, supporting law enforcement in capturing high-quality evidence and improving courtroom presentations to uphold justice.

Challenges in courtroom evidence playback

There are significant challenges associated with the technological limitations in current courtroom setups. These range from inadequate equipment, leading to poor-quality video and audio, to improperly positioned screens, making it difficult for jurors to grasp the nuances of a witness’s testimony. Such shortcomings can impact the delivery of justice, as jurors might struggle to engage with and accurately interpret the evidence presented.

Strategies for enhanced playback quality

To address these challenges and ensure the effectiveness of recordings, several strategies can be employed:

Quality of Recordings: First and foremost, ensure the use of high-quality recording equipment to avoid any loss of detail or clarity. The better the original quality, the less likely it is that issues will arise during playback in court.

Courtroom Setup: Advocate for modernized courtroom setups that accommodate the latest in display technology. This includes positioning screens in a manner that allows all jurors a clear and unobstructed view, ensuring they can fully absorb the details of the evidence.
Pre-trial Checks: Conduct pre-trial checks of the courtroom’s audio-visual equipment to identify and rectify any potential issues. Ensuring that all devices are fully functional and compatible can prevent last-minute hiccups.

Training and Guidance: Provide training for legal professionals on the optimal use of technology in and outside of the courtroom. Understanding how to best leverage recording solutions can lead to more effective evidence presentation and, consequently, a fairer trial.

Feedback and Improvement: Collect feedback from courtroom experiences to continually improve technology and courtroom setups. This ongoing dialogue between law enforcement, legal professionals, and technology providers is key to evolving courtroom standards.
Davidhorn’s technology

Using Davidhorn’s recording technology, law enforcement agencies can ensure that every interview is captured with audio and video, producing court-ready evidence. Our devices and software are designed to meet legal standards, guaranteeing that the evidence is admissible and respected in legal proceedings. However, while capturing high-quality evidence is critical, its presentation in court is equally crucial.

Conclusion

As technology advances, so too should our legal processes. By marrying high-quality evidence recording technolog y with improved courtroom presentation, we can enhance the clarity, engagement, efficiency and fairness of trials. Law enforcement agencies, armed with the right tools and knowledge, can lead the charge in this new era of judicial proceedings, ensuring that justice is not only done but seen and heard.

Davidhorn is committed to this vision, providing the tools and support needed to navigate the complexities of modern law enforcement and judicial presentation. Together, we can forge a future where technology stands as a pillar of justice, ensuring every voice is heard and every piece of evidence is clearly seen.

Written by:

Marta Hopfer-Gilles

ChatGPT was used while creating this post
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June 26, 2024
“Planning of a Suspect Interview Suite” – what to keep in mind
“Planning of a Suspect Interview Suite” – what to keep in mind

In a world where complexities are ever-present, the proper planning and execution of suspect interviews become increasingly vital.

Faced with the challenging task of ensuring fair and accurate evidence collection, it’s essential to establish an environment that not only upholds justice but also respects the rights and dignity of those involved. Davidhorn’s latest ebook, “Planning of A Suspect Interview Suite,” offers an in-depth look into the essential planning required to create an effective and humane interview suite. This guide is a beacon for law enforcement and legal professionals, illuminating the path to achieving best practice in this crucial aspect of the justice system.

The importance of environment in interview suites

Why is this guide important? At its core, it addresses the often overlooked yet fundamental aspects of interview environments. The ebook details how strategic room layout, the right technology, and a considerate approach can significantly impact the quality of evidence collected and the overall fairness of the legal process. Its insights cater to a crucial need: ensuring that interviews are conducted in settings that are both effective and empathetic.

Listen to our podcast on Investigative Interviewing.

Creating spaces that uphold justice and respect

For investigators, legal practitioners, and anyone involved in the justice system, this guide is an invaluable resource. It’s not just about creating a space; it’s about fostering an environment that upholds the principles of justice and humane treatment. Whether it’s choosing the appropriate audio-visual equipment or designing a space that reduces stress, each element is thoroughly covered.

To dive into the depths of this comprehensive guide and understand how it can reshape suspect interviews, download the ebook or reach out to us for more information.

To learn more about the Suspect Interview Suite and how it can revolutionise the investigative interview process, download the guide or contact us here.

Download our eBook
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June 26, 2024
How to foster transformational leadership in law enforcement
How to foster transformational leadership in law enforcement

The report How to Foster Transformational Leadership in law enforcement produced by the UNDP ODC, explores transformational leadership and its implications for global governance.

The report emphasises the need for leadership in law enforcement that extends beyond immediate concerns, considering the broader impact of decisions across time and space. Transformational leadership is about “going to the roots of the issues, challenging fundamental assumptions, and proposing and embodying alternative futures”.
Summary

Transformational leadership: The UNDP ODC report calls for leadership that addresses root issues and collaborates across sectors to drive significant changes in law enforcement.

Davidhorn’s contribution: Davidhorn provides technology and training to improve investigative interviews, evidence integrity, and adapt to new challenges like deep fakes.

Building trust and growth: Emphasising community trust, internal teamwork, and continuous learning, Davidhorn supports law enforcement in implementing effective and culturally transformative practices.

The report identifies challenges and necessary shifts in leadership at macro (institutional), meso (relational and behavioural), and micro (individual) levels. It highlights the importance of collaboration between private companies and organizations in fostering global transformational leadership, suggesting that such collaborations can drive significant, mutually beneficial changes. This involves rethinking leadership roles and structures to address global challenges more effectively.

Shifting the lens of transformational leadership to law enforcement, we can apply its principles across various levels of the sector. Davidhorn plays a crucial role in this transition, offering technology and training to address the unique challenges of law enforcement, enhancing both institutional practices and individual competencies for a more responsive and effective justice system:
What can be done at the institutional level

Challenges at the institutional level include structures and practices created back in time when the crime pattern and societal demands for inclusivity were different. Adapting to this insight could mean reforming institutional policies to be more inclusive and responsive to community needs.

At the institutional level, there’s an opportunity for law enforcement to lead in innovation and inclusivity. It may also involve modernising practices to keep pace with technological advancements and changing crime patterns. By implementing new technologies and methodologies, and by integrating diverse perspectives into policymaking, law enforcement agencies can become more agile and effective. This could lead to community-centric policing models.

Davidhorn delivers technology that supports investigative interviews. Our recording solutions simplify and make the interview process more effective. The integrity of the evidence captured by our solutions are particularly important with the increased access to deep fake and voice cloning technology. Implementing new methodologies require updated practices. Bringing the right mindset, processes, and procedures to the interview process is essential and can be ensured through our training program. Effective interviewing is crucial for law enforcement and in criminal investigations, with the quality of interviews significantly impacting the justice processes.

What can be done at the relational and behavioural level

The meso level presents a valuable chance for law enforcement to strengthen community relations and internal teamwork. By prioritizing trust, collaboration, and transparency, law enforcement can build a strong bond with the community and improve internal cohesion. Initiatives like community outreach programs and inter-departmental team-building exercises can be instrumental in achieving these goals. Implementing leadership frameworks and practices to change the mindsets across the sector play an important role in ensuring new processes are implemented and followed by all levels of the organisation to foster a culture of trust, collaboration, and open communication both within the organisation and with the public.

Davidhorn’s technology delivers evidential recording with high integrity. Recording of interviews creates behavioural change and can contribute to implementation of new practices. Reliable information from key individuals is indispensable, enhancing the value of other evidentiary materials. To facilitate the mindsets’ change and support building trust in communities, we also offer comprehensive interview training programs by world-renowned experts in suspect interviewing and engagements with vulnerable witnesses.

What can be done at the individual level

At the individual level, law enforcement officers have the potential for significant personal and professional growth. By fostering a culture of self-awareness and continuous learning, officers can develop into well-rounded, adaptable leaders. This can be encouraged through training programs, online courses, microlearning, mentorship opportunities, and a supportive environment. Self- and peer-to-peer evaluations are also strongly recommended by the UN Investigative Interviewing Manual and are an important step for personal growth and professional development.

The transparency that our recording solutions provide will be key in implementing new procedures and ensuring that culture changes stick across the organisation.

In summary, by embracing these challenges as opportunities for growth and development, law enforcement agencies can evolve into more dynamic, community-focused, and effective organisations – and we are here to help. Reach out to learn how.

Read the report

Written by:

ChatGPT was used while creating this post
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Building a Child or Vulnerable Witness Interview Suite
Building an Interview Suite for Child or Vulnerable Witness: What to Keep in Mind

In an increasingly complex world, children and vulnerable individuals often face harrowing situations.

For some, this means confronting the trauma of facing their perpetrators in court and undergoing cross-examination. It is crucial to provide these witnesses with a safe and supportive environment during investigative interviews to Achieve Best Evidence (ABE). Davidhorn releases a comprehensive set of guidelines for setting up the Child or Vulnerable Witness Interview Suite that can help achieving this goal.
Summary

Comprehensive guidelines: Davidhorn has released a comprehensive guide for setting up Child or Vulnerable Victim Interview Suites to ensure safe, supportive environments for witnesses, aimed at achieving high-quality evidence for court use.

Importance of planning: The guide highlights best practices for creating the optimal interview setting, from room layout to audio and video equipment, to minimize emotional distress and enhance the quality of evidence gathered.

Resource for professionals: This guide serves as a crucial resource for investigators, legal professionals, and social workers, emphasising sensitivity, fairness, and evidence integrity in investigative interviews.

Why planning is important

The primary objective of the Child or Vulnerable Witness Interview Suite is to deliver evidence of a high enough standard for use in court, all while minimizing the emotional distress that witnesses may experience throughout the legal process. Created by Davidhorn, this comprehensive guide sheds light on best practices for establishing the optimal setting to conduct and record investigative interviews with children and vulnerable witnesses.

Listen to our podcast on this subject:

By considering the delicate nature of their experiences, the guide ensures that the interview process is as comfortable and safe as possible. This approach not only helps witnesses share their stories effectively but also helps investigators gather crucial evidence and bring justice to light.

Investigators, legal professionals, social workers, and others involved in these interviews must appreciate the importance of the environment and technology used. From selecting the perfect room and layout to choosing the right audio and video equipment, every detail counts. By paying close attention to these factors, we can achieve successful outcomes for all parties while maintaining the highest levels of sensitivity and professionalism.
A guide for achieving best evidence

This guide serves as an all-encompassing resource for planning, setting up, and conducting interviews in facilities specifically designed for children and vulnerable witness interviews. By following these guidelines, which draw from decades of experience and insights from practitioners, investigators can create a comfortable and supportive atmosphere for witnesses, all while obtaining reliable evidence that stands up in court.

The guide is first presented at the The National Witness Interview Conference 2023, in London on Wednesday the 10^th of May.

The solutions offered in this guide emphasize the need for sensitivity, fairness, and evidence integrity throughout the investigative interview process. By adhering to these best practices, law enforcement agencies can ensure that the rights and well-being of children and vulnerable witnesses are safeguarded, all while collecting the vital information needed to support the judicial process.

To learn more about the Child or Vulnerable Witness Interview Suite and how it can revolutionise the investigative interview process, download the guide or contact us.

Download eBook

Watch a webinar

Check out our webinar on Forensic Child Interviewing

Watch the webinar
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June 26, 2024
Transformation of Kenyan Criminal Justice System
Davidhorn supports UN to transform Kenyan Criminal Justice System

In a significant stride towards upholding human rights in Kenya, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is leading an initiative to enhance the Kenyan Criminal Justice System.

With a focus on elevating transparency, accountability, and fairness, this initiative includes the implementation of Digitally Recorded Interviewing (DIR) techniques, backed by advanced Interviewing Techniques Training for law enforcement officers. Davidhorn, a pioneering technology provider, proudly stands as a partner in this transformative effort.
Summary

Partnership for justice: UNODC and Davidhorn are enhancing Kenya’s criminal justice system with Digitally Recorded Interviewing (DIR) techniques and advanced training for law enforcement, aiming for greater transparency and accountability.

Training and deployment: Experts like Jeff Horn and Jackie Vallack have trained Kenyan police across multiple units, equipping them with DIR devices to improve interview accuracy and reduce reliance on written accounts.

Protecting the vulnerable: The initiative supports Kenya’s Child Justice and SGBV Strategies, focusing on safeguarding vulnerable populations and combating wildlife crime in collaboration with the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS).

Davidhorn’s mission is to combine technological solutions with ethical interview practices to improve justice and human rights globally. This lines up with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 16: “Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.” That’s why projects like training for Kenyan police officers in Digitally Recorded Suspect Interviews in Nairobi (July-August 2023) resonateed deeply with Davidhorn’s commitment to these ideals.

Under the guidance of Marion Crepet, a Human Rights lawyer employed by the UNODC, the training marked a pivotal step in reshaping Kenya’s justice system. Jeff Horn from Davidhorn delivered a comprehensive presentation that encompassed three stages to succeed with Digital Interview Recording (DIR):

Planning for success

Administrator Introduction to Database setup and maintenance

User training and practical application of equipment.

Ten DIR devices now empower Kenyan police officers to capture interviews with witnesses and suspects, curbing the reliance on written accounts and fostering a more transparent and accountable process. Davidhorn’s technology not only ensures accurate evidence collection but also safeguards vulnerable witnesses and promotes transparency in suspect statement recordings.
Jackie Vallack, an experienced former Derbyshire officer with specialized training in Interview Techniques, spearheaded the training and course and was supported by David Ward from Focused Conservation, an NGO dedicated to combating environmental crimes. The training reached various K eny an Police Departments, including the Serious Crime Unit, Transnational Organized Crime Unit, Kenyan Wildlife Crime Unit, Anti Human Trafficking Unit, Child Protection Unit, and Environmental Crime Unit.

Reflecting on the training, Jeff Horn of Davidhorn shared:

“Witnessing the enthusiasm of Kenyan police officers to embrace Davidhorn’s solutions was truly inspiring. The comprehensive training in advanced interviewing techniques has been engaging and promising. While the journey towards a fairer justice system in Kenya and Eastern African countries is ongoing, the officers’ positive response is a hopeful sign.”

Amidst challenges faced by Kenyan authorities in the criminal justice system, the UN’s support is paving the way for crucial improvements. Davidhorn’s technology holds immense potential to address these challenges. In particular, Kenya’s Child Justice and Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) Strategies, supported by the UN, stand as a pivotal project aimed at protecting victims and creating a more inclusive justice system. By prioritizing victim-centred approaches, these strategies uphold the rights and dignity of all Kenyans, especially those vulnerable to abuse and exploitation.

With approximately 60 percent of Africa’s population falling under the age of 25, the focus naturally turns to children and young adults who are particularly susceptible and exposed. Acknowledging their vulnerability, it becomes imperative to design distinct measures that guarantee their safety and well-being.

“The initiatives are in line with the strategic focus of the Judiciary to transform the justice system into a people-centred one that upholds the dignity and rights of all Kenyans, especially victims of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence, child abuse and exploitation. We are in effect sending a clear message that our society will not tolerate those who prey upon the vulnerable” ^[1]

said Hon. Martha Koome President of the Supreme Court of Kenya, and the first woman to occupy this position.

Moreover, UNODC’s collaborative efforts in wildlife protection are reshaping the fight against wildlife crime in Kenya. Recognizing the challenge of wildlife poaching, UNODC partners with the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) to enhance internal systems and mechanisms to prevent it. This comprehensive approach supports the entire criminal justice chain, from wildlife rangers to financial analysts, judges, and other practitioners, strengthening their capacity to prevent, investigate, prosecute, and resolve wildlife and forest crimes.

In closing, these initiatives collectively herald a new era for Kenya’s criminal justice system. By embracing technology, advanced training, and international collaboration, Kenya is poised to build a more transparent, accountable, and fair justice system that upholds human rights, and protects the vulnerable. Davidhorn is proud to be a part of this journey.

Written by:

Chat GPT was used while creating this post

^{[1] https://www.unodc.org/easternafrica/en/Stories/launch-of-the-child-justice-and-sexual-and-gender-based-violence-sbgv-strategies.html}
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June 26, 2024
7 Steps for conducting an effective police interview?
7 Steps for conducting an effective police interview

Investigative interviewing is a critical tool for gathering information by the police.

The field and effectiveness of investigative interviews have been widely studied over decades within law enforcement used as a took to gather evidence during an investigation. It involves conducting structured interviews with witnesses, victims, and suspects to obtain accurate and reliable information.

In this article, we’ll provide you with a brief overview of the best practices for conducting effective investigative interviews. Investigative interviewing is an essential tool for law enforcement, security personnel, and other investigators to gather information and evidence for criminal or non-criminal investigations, but can also be used by others who are using interviewing to gather information.

An effective interview can provide valuable insights, uncover hidden details, and help solve cases.

The insights and knowledge gathered from decades of research on the topic of investigative interviewing within law enforcement can also be transferred to other fields where interviewing is a key part of the role. The use of interviews is a key vehicle not only for police but in everything from finance, HR and journalism to corporate audit and healthcare, to mention a few. Streamlining the process can, if done right, remove cognitive biases and create better outcomes.
Summary

Importance and applications: Investigative interviewing is a crucial tool for gathering accurate and reliable information, used widely in law enforcement and applicable to various fields such as finance, HR, journalism, corporate audit, and healthcare.

Best practices: Effective investigative interviews follow seven key steps: planning and preparation, building rapport, conducting the interview, obtaining accurate information, recording the interview, wrapping up the interview, and evaluation.

Training and expertise: Becoming proficient in investigative interviewing requires practice and training. The article emphasizes the availability of experienced trainers and resources to help investigators improve their skills.

The 7 key steps for conducting an effective investigative interview:

1. Planning and preparation

Before conducting an investigative or a police interview, it’s important to plan and prepare. This includes reviewing case files, identifying potential witnesses, and developing a strategy for the interview. It’s also important to create a comfortable and private environment for the interviewee, which can help build rapport and encourage them to provide truthful information.

2. Building rapport

Building rapport with the interviewee is crucial for gaining their trust and encouraging them to provide accurate information. This can be achieved through active listening, using open-ended questions, and showing empathy and understanding.
3. Conducting the interview

During the interview, it’s important to use effective questioning techniques to obtain accurate and reliable information. This includes using open-ended questions to encourage the interviewee to provide more detail, asking follow-up questions to clarify information, and avoiding leading questions that could influence the interviewee’s responses.

4. Obtaining accurate information

To obtain accurate information, it’s important to establish a timeline of events and ask specific questions about what happened. Interviewers should also pay attention to the interviewee’s non-verbal cues, such as body language and tone of voice, which can indicate whether they are being truthful.

5. Recording the interview

Recording the interview is important for ensuring accuracy and transparency. This can be done through note-taking or audio or video recording. It’s important to obtain the interviewee’s consent before recording and to ensure that the recording is secure and confidential.

6. Wrapping up the interview

After the interview, it’s important to thank the interviewee for their time and reiterate any important information they provided. It’s also important to provide them with contact information in case they remember any additional details or have further questions.

7. Evaluation

Evaluating the interview is important for assessing the credibility and reliability of the information obtained. This includes analysing verbal and non-verbal cues, reviewing notes or recordings, comparing the information obtained with other evidence, and determining the next steps in the investigation.

By following these best practices, investigators can conduct successful interviews and obtain valuable information for their investigations.

Note that becoming a good interviewer takes a lot of practice and training. We have an extended network of experienced police interview trainers and can connect you with these. Reach out to learn more about training in investigative interviewing.

If you would like to learn more about the topic, there are several books to choose from. Some worth mentioning are:

Investigative Interviewing: The Conversation Management Approach by Eric Shepherd (Author), Andrew Griffths (Contributor)
Rapport: The Four Ways to Read People by Laurence Alison (Author), Emily Alison (Author)
A Guide to the Professional Interview: A Research-based Interview Methodology for People Who Ask Questions by Geir-Egil Løken (Author), Svein Tore Bergestuen (Author), Asbjørn Rachlew (Author)

ChatGPT was used in the creation of this article.

Edited by domain experts within investigative interviewing.
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June 26, 2024
How to turn interrogation into investigative interviewing?
Turning interrogation into investigative interviewing

Investigative interviewing should not be confused with interrogation. Investigative interviewing is a crucial tool for law enforcement, journalists, and other professionals who need to gather accurate and reliable information from people.

Investigative interviewing should not be confused with interrogation, which is a more confrontational and adversarial process that aims to obtain a confession or other incriminating information. Investigative interviewing is a conversation-based approach that aims to elicit truthful and complete accounts of events, as well as the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of those involved.
Summary

Investigative interviewing vs. interrogation: Investigative interviewing is a conversation-based approach focused on gathering complete information, while interrogation is confrontational, aiming to obtain confessions through psychological tactics and manipulation.

Critiques of interrogation methods: Traditional interrogation techniques are criticised for their potential to induce false confessions, lack of scientific foundation, violation of suspects’ rights, and negative impact on vulnerable populations. There is a growing advocacy for ethical and effective practices like the PEACE model.

Mindset and application: Investigative interviewing fosters a safe and supportive environment, encouraging voluntary and accurate disclosures. It is applicable not only in criminal investigations but also in workplace disputes, journalistic inquiries, and academic research.

What is the difference between interrogation and investigative interviewing?

The main difference between investigative interviewing and interrogation lies in their respective mindsets. Investigative interviewing is based on the premise that the interviewee is a potential source of information who may have valuable insights into a case or situation. The interviewer’s goal is to establish rapport and trust with the interviewee, and to encourage them to share what they know in a relaxed and non-threatening environment. This requires a curious and open-minded approach, where the interviewer listens carefully to what the interviewee says, asks follow-up questions to clarify and expand on their answers, and avoids making assumptions or judgments.

In contrast, interrogation is based on the premise that the interviewee is a suspect who has committed a crime or knows critical information that they are withholding. The interrogator’s goal is to break down the interviewee’s resistance and get them to confess or reveal incriminating details. This often involves a confrontational and intimidating approach, where the interrogator uses psychological tactics to manipulate the interviewee’s emotions, perceptions, and beliefs. Common interrogation techniques include making false promises or threats, using physical or emotional stress, and creating a sense of isolation or fear.
Listen to our podcast on Investigative interviewing
Critiques of traditional interrogation methods

The main critiques of traditional interrogation methods often revolve around the ethical, psychological, and legal implications of such practices. Numerous studies and reports from well-renowned sources support these critiques and have led to a growing consensus on the need for reform in interrogation practices, with a focus on techniques that are both effective and respectful of suspects’ rights and psychological well-being. The adoption of evidence-based practices is increasingly advocated within law enforcement communities around the world.

The main criticism are focused around the following issues:

1. Coerciveness and false confessions: Traditional interrogation techniques, such as the Reid technique, have been criticised for their potential to induce stress, anxiety, and psychological manipulation, which can lead to false confessions. Studies have shown that these techniques can be particularly coercive and misleading, resulting in innocent people admitting to crimes they did not commit.

2. Lack of scientific foundation: Critics argue that some traditional interrogation methods lack a solid scientific foundation and rely more on the intuition and experience of the interrogator rather than empirical evidence and psychological research.

3. Violation of rights: There is concern that aggressive interrogation tactics may violate the rights of suspects, particularly the right to remain silent and the right to legal counsel, as guaranteed by legal frameworks such as the Miranda rights in the United States.

4. Impact on vulnerable populations: Certain groups, such as juveniles, the mentally ill, or those with cognitive impairments, are more susceptible to the pressures of interrogation and may not fully understand their rights or the implications of their statements, making them more vulnerable to coercion.

5. Advocacy for reform and best practices: In response to these critiques, there has been a push toward more ethical and effective interviewing techniques, such as the PEACE model (Preparation and Planning, Engage and Explain, Account, Closure, and Evaluate), which emphasises communication, rapport building, and obtaining information without coercion.

Mindset matters

The mindset of investigative interviewing is more conducive to gathering accurate and reliable information than interrogation. By creating a safe and supportive environment, the interviewer can encourage the interviewee to share information voluntarily, without feeling coerced or intimidated. This, in turn, increases the likelihood that the information obtained is truthful and complete, and that the interviewee feels respected and heard. Moreover, investigative interviewing can be used not only in criminal investigations but also in other contexts, such as workplace disputes, journalistic investigations, or academic research.

It’s one OR the other

In conclusion, investigative interviewing and interrogation are two distinct approaches to gathering information from interviewees. While interrogation aims to obtain a confession or other incriminating information through confrontational and adversarial means, investigative interviewing aims to elicit truthful and complete accounts of events and feelings through a curious and open-minded approach. By understanding the differences between these two mindsets, professionals can choose the most appropriate approach for their needs and achieve their goals more effectively.

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Resources

“Investigative Interviewing: Strategies and Techniques” by Michael E. Lamb, LaTonya S. Summers, and David J. La Rooy – a comprehensive textbook that covers the theoretical and practical aspects of investigative interviewing.

“Interviewing and Interrogation for Law Enforcement” by John E. Hess – a guidebook that provides law enforcement officers with practical tips and techniques for conducting successful interviews and interrogations.

“The Reid Technique of Interviewing and Interrogation” by John E. Reid and Joseph P. Buckley – a classic textbook that describes the Reid technique, a widely used approach to interrogation.

“Investigative Interviewing: Psychology and Practice” by Rebecca Milne and Ray Bull – a book that examines the psychological principles and best practices of investigative interviewing.

“The Innocence Project” – a nonprofit organisation that works to exonerate wrongfully convicted individuals and improve the criminal justice system. They provide resources and research on investigative techniques, including interrogation and eyewitness identification.

“Police-induced confessions: Risk factors and recommendations.” Law and Human Behavior, 34(1), 3-38 by Kassin, S. M., Drizin, S. A., Grisso, T., Gudjonsson, G. H., Leo, R. A., & Redlich, A. D. (2010).

“You’re guilty, now confess! Why are police permitted to use deceptive interrogation techniques?” by Meissner, C. A., & Kassin, S. M. (2004). American Journal of Public Health, 94(6), 1078-1084.

“Police interrogation and American justice.” Harvard University Press, by Leo, R. A. (2008)

“Youth on trial: A developmental perspective on juvenile justice.” University of Chicago Press, by Grisso, T., & Schwartz, R. G. (Eds.). (2000).

“National evaluation of the PEACE investigative interviewing course.” Police Research Award Scheme, Home Office, by Clarke, C., & Milne, R. (2001).

ChatGPT was used in the creation of this article. Edited by domain experts within investigative interviewing.
Related products

Fixed Recorder

Fixed HD recorder for high security interview rooms.

Portable Recorder

Lightweight, PACE-compliant interview recorder for any setting.

Capture

Mobile app recorder for capturing evidence on the go. 

Ark Interview Management

Receive, monitor, and keep evidence throughout its lifetime.
June 26, 2024
Webinar with Dr Andy Griffiths
Investigative Interviewing:
Why it matters and how to get there

Watch it now

For investigators and legal professionals, understanding the importance of the environment and the technology used is crucial.

We have spoken to Dr Andy Griffiths, a former UK Senior Investigating Officer and Interview expert on the topic of Investigative Interviewing.

In this webinar you will hear how his background within law enforcement brought him to dive deep into this field. He goes into the truth about confession-oriented investigative interviewing, mindset and the effect it has on building trust in communities.
In this Webinar you can learn:

What is the foundation of conducting more effective interviews

How to handle Investigative Interviews in a better way

The role of leadership and training

Why recording interviews help build better evidence
About Dr Andy Griffiths

Andy Griffiths has over 35 years experience in law enforcement, organisational change, policy implementation and training design and delivery. He has a Ph.D. in applied psychology, post graduate qualifications in policing and research methods and is a qualified trainer.

Andy Griffiths completed 30 years police service as a career detective in a large UK force specialising in interviewing and investigation, progressing to become Head of Force Major Crime, then intelligence and organised crime departments, and serving over 10 years on the National Advisory Body to all police forces in relation to investigative interviewing.

During Andy Griffith’s police service he was a pioneer in the development of specialised interview training programs and was awarded a PhD for research on real life suspect and witness interviews. He has lectured, trained and consulted in countries across the world and contributed to miscarriage of justice investigations in the USA, New Zealand and the UK.

Andy Griffiths has numerous publications and media appearances in the field of investigation and investigative interviewing.
June 20, 2024